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发表于 25-11-2023 10:41:33
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不管是不是支原体,这个问题最值得担心
2023-11-24 05:09:51
luren_1970
luren_1970
随便胡侃两句大家千万别信以为真
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中国大陆的青少年呼吸道感染惊动了世界卫生组织。三年前大概就是这个时候,中国武汉出现神秘呼吸道感染,世界卫生组织逼问下中国卫建委回答人不传人,可防可控。
有了这样”良好“的信用,世界卫生组织当然要重点关照一下。要知道,中国这片土地,自古以来就是大流行病的策源地。古代多次流行世界的天花,就起源于东亚。之后蒙古军西征带到欧洲去的黑死病(鼠疫),更是消灭了欧洲当时人口的1/4到1/3. 到了21世纪,中国科研人员运用西方分子生物学技术进行功能增益研究,造出来的SARS-COV2更是完美地结合人体细胞,杀死了全世界上千万人。
要我说,不管现在流行大陆的是什么病毒,或者支原体,或者是变种新冠,或者是其它未知的某种东西,我们真的要留意的是为什么挤满大陆医院的这些青少年免疫力如此之差?
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支原体肺炎在国外也有小规模流行,但是它是一种自限型疾病,基本不需要吃药就能靠自身的免疫系统消灭掉入侵的支原体。所以支原体肺炎一般都不太严重,病程也不长。但是,如果病人自身免疫系统有缺陷,特别是那些感染了艾滋病毒的群体,支原体肺炎可能变成非常严重甚至致命的疾病。
艾滋病毒专门攻击人体免疫系统里起重要作用的CD4+淋巴细胞。这种淋巴细胞又叫做T-HELPER CELL,专门负责免疫系统中的信号传递的。如果这种细胞被大量破坏,患者的免疫系统就会彻底崩溃。平时不起眼的小病会凶猛发展成致命的绝症。所以感染了HIV的人都要去医院定期去测一下体内CD4+ T 细胞数量。
之前新冠病毒刚出来的时候,有一个印度的科研小组发现新冠病毒基因里有一小段RNA序列跟艾滋病毒很接近。当时有一些科学家推测,新冠之所以病势凶猛,跟这段HIV基因片段有关系。因为新冠病毒在侵染人体细胞的同时,有可能会攻击人体免疫系统中的CD4+ T细胞,造成免疫系统发生紊乱失灵。这些报道后来被主流科学界忽视并且刻意打压下去了,所以并不为大多数人所知。我想主流科学界的想法是,如果告诉人民新冠是一种可以空气传染的艾滋病,会造成过度的恐慌。
对于打过有效疫苗的人来说,因为疫苗产生的抗体和T细胞免疫能有效地阻止病毒在体内复制,所以就算是感染了新冠病毒也一般不会发展成重症,病程也会比较短。这样就算新冠病毒可以伤害T HELPER淋巴细胞,也仅仅是暂时的。人体的造血机能会及时补充这些淋巴细胞。但是如果没有有效疫苗保护的人群感染了新冠,有可能新冠病毒在体内大量繁殖,血液中高浓度的病毒对人体的免疫系统产生严重冲击。CD4+作为首要目标,更是受到灭顶之灾。更有甚者,有可能造血干细胞都受到攻击,导致感染后很长一段时间CD4+细胞都不能恢复正常。那么,这些感染过新冠并且痊愈的人在一定时期内,就会表现得像艾滋病人一样,免疫力比较差,特别容易感染某些稀奇古怪的病毒或者细菌。
新冠病毒一开始是武汉病毒所和中国军方一同研发的,目的是作为超限战的一种生物武器。没成想,中国实验室松散的管理导致病毒意外泄漏。中共高层因为知道这种生物武器研发的各个性能和细节, 特别是为了增强生物武器的杀伤力往基因里添加了艾滋病毒基因片段,所以搞了三年的全世界最严厉的清零封城措施。到了去年这个时候,因为奥米克容变种传染能力实在太强,封城清零搞不下去,只能大撒把。结果一个月内中国大陆绝大部分人感染了这种病毒,老年人病死至少几百万。本来以为青少年是受冲击影响最小的群体,因为他们的症状一般都比较轻,跟感冒差不多。但是,因为青少年的免疫系统比较活跃,造血机能旺盛,他们这两个系统被病毒集中攻击,很可能当时虽然是没有症状,但是长期后果是免疫力低下。也许今年流行的是支原体,或者呼吸道合胞病毒。明年也许会流行一些什么其它病毒。总而言之,如果免疫力低,任何不起眼的病原体都有可能致命。
如果想知道我上面这个假说是不是真的,很简单,让中国这些染病的年轻人去医院测一下CD4+ T细胞数量就知道了。我倒是希望这是我想多了,否则中国将失去很多年轻一代。本来生育力就很低,在加上这个因素,延续了几千年的中华民族灭绝在习近平同志的手里也不是没有可能。
莫非习近平真是天选之人--老天派来灭我们的?
Novel coronavirus attacks and destroys T cells, just like HIV
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Angela Betsaida B. Laguipo, BSN
By Angela Betsaida B. Laguipo, BSN
Apr 13 2020
The immune system has many components that work together in protecting the body from foreign invaders. One of the most important types of immune cells is T lymphocytes or T cells, a type of white blood cell that acts as the core of adaptive immunity, the system that modifies the immune response to specific pathogens.
Notice: The authors of the research paper that this news story reported upon have retracted this article. After the publication of this article, it came to the author's attention that in order to support the conclusions of the study, the authors should have used primary T cells instead of T cell lines. Additionally, there are concerns that the flow cytometry methodology applied here was flawed. These points resulted in the conclusions being considered invalid. All authors agree with this retraction.
T-lymphocytes attack a colony of fungi. Image Credit: UGREEN 3S / Shutterstock
T-lymphocytes attack a colony of fungi. Image Credit: UGREEN 3S / Shutterstock
Now, a team from the United States and China revealed evidence that the coronavirus disease, caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2), attacks the immune system’s T lymphocytes. The worrying findings highlight the destructive power of the novel coronavirus, which can destroy the immune system, leaving the patient unable to fight off the infection.
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The novel coronavirus
Coronaviruses have been causing problems in humans for a long time. Though many versions of the virus are known to trigger only mild symptoms such as common colds. However, three recent types of coronavirus have caused deadly diseases – the severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) in China in 2002, the Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS) in Saudi Arabia in 2012, and the current global pandemic, the coronavirus disease (COVID-19), which first emerged in Wuhan City, Hubei Province, in China December 2019.
The impact of the previous coronavirus outbreaks in 2002 and 2012 has been mild compared with the mayhem unleashed by the SARS-CoV-2. Within only a few months, the novel coronavirus has prompted most countries to go into lockdown, dwindling economies, and overwhelming health care systems with the more than 2 million people infected.
Meanwhile, scientists across the globe are racing to understand the SARS-CoV-2-in the hope of finding a treatment or cure. Now, the researchers’ surprise discovery has shed light on the potency of the novel coronavirus is killing powerful immune cells, which are supposed to kill the virus instead.
Novel Coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 Colorized scanning electron micrograph of an apoptotic cell (green) heavily infected with SARS-COV-2 virus particles (purple), isolated from a patient sample. Image captured and color-enhanced at the NIAID Integrated Research Facility (IRF) in Fort Detrick, Maryland. Credit: NIAID
Novel Coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 Colorized scanning electron micrograph of an apoptotic cell (green) heavily infected with SARS-COV-2 virus particles (purple), isolated from a patient sample. Image captured and color-enhanced at the NIAID Integrated Research Facility (IRF) in Fort Detrick, Maryland. Credit: NIAID
Taken as hostage
The researchers from the Fudan University in Shanghai, China, and the New York Blood Centre, has studied the virus’s action on T-lymphocyte cell lines. T lymphocytes or T cells work by identifying and eliminating foreign invaders in the body.
To arrive at their findings, published in the journal of Cellular & Molecular Immunology, the team captured a cell infected by the virus, penetrated the membrane, and injected toxic chemicals into the cell. After this, the chemicals killed both the virus and infected cells by tearing them into pieces.
Flow Cytometry eBook Compilation of the top interviews, articles, and news in the last year.Download the latest edition
Surprisingly, the team has found that when the coronavirus and the T cell came into contact with each other, the T cell became prey to the coronavirus, wherein a structure in the spike of the coronavirus triggered the attachment of a viral envelope and the cell membrane. After, the genes of the virus entered the T cell and overwhelmed it, took it hostage, and deactivated its ability to protect the body.
The team then tried to do the same with the SARS virus, and another coronavirus, but these pathogens were not able to infect T cells. The researchers suspect that the SARS virus, which caused an outbreak in 2002 to 2003, has a lack of a membrane fusion function. The virus can only infect cells that have a particular receptor protein called the angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2). T cells contain only a few ACE2 receptor proteins.
SARS-CoV-2 viruses binding to ACE-2 receptors on a human cell, the initial stage of COVID-19 infection, conceptual 3D illustration credit: Kateryna Kon / Shutterstock
SARS-CoV-2 viruses binding to ACE-2 receptors on a human cell, the initial stage of COVID-19 infection, conceptual 3D illustration credit: Kateryna Kon / Shutterstock
It is an important discovery, knowing the effect of the SARS-CoV-2 on T cells, since this may show why the disease is spreading so quickly, and infecting so many across the globe. It also explains why certain vulnerable populations are at a high risk of dying from the infection, including those who are more than 65, those who are immunocompromised, and those with underlying medical conditions like lung disease, heart disease, diabetes, and hypertension.
Further investigation shows that patients who died from COVID-19 had damage to their bodies similar to both SARS and HIV. Also, the team found that unlike HIV that replicates faulty T cells, the coronavirus does not replicate, showing that the T cells and the virus may end up dying together.
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Video of T Cells
Killer T Cell: The Cancer Assassin
Source:
COVID-19 Dashboard by the Center for Systems Science and Engineering (CSSE) at Johns Hopkins University (JHU). (2020). https://gisanddata.maps.arcgis.c ... 0299423467b48e9ecf6
Journal references:
Correction notice: This article was on 14th April 2020 edited to correct the citation and link to the scientific paper.
Wang, X., Xu, W., Hu, G. et al. SARS-CoV-2 infects T lymphocytes through its spike protein-mediated membrane fusion. Cell Mol Immunol (2020). https://www.nature.com/articles/s41423-020-0424-9
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