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看了很多学习WCF的例子，感觉受益匪浅，但是由于每个人学习的侧重点不同，一些很详细的细节例如每一个属性都是用来干什么的，建立不同的项目类型对创建的服务有什么区别等等，都不得而知。终于，在MSDN上发现了一篇入门教程。讲解的十分基本，十分详细，想进到每一个细节，然我彻底了解入门的每一个细节，整个教程结构清晰，代码简洁，讲解细致，值得推荐。
地址： http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ms734712.aspx
做这分5部来讲解创建一个最基本的基于B/S构架的WCF应用。服务是根据输入的两个数字，返回这两个数字的加减乘除运算结果。
第一步：定义WCF服务契约（创建项目，加入引用，定义Interface）
第二部：引入WCF服务契约（添加具体服务函数）
第三部：构架WCF服务，运行WCF服务（添加Uri,定义服务对象地址，运行服务）
第四部：利用工具访问服务，自动生成WCF服务代理的代码文件
第五部：配置一个简单的WCF客户端（用客户端引入服务代理，通过服务代理来访问服务）
第六部：运行程序
先建立一个解决方案。
在这个解决方案下面建立一个叫做Server的控制台应用项目，再建立一个叫做Client的控制台应用项目。
分别给每一个项目添加引用到System.ServiceModel
编辑每个项目下面的Program.cs
服务端Program.cs代码- 1using System;
- 2using System.Collections.Generic;
- 3using System.Text;
- 4using System.ServiceModel;
- 5
- 6namespace ServiceModelSamples
- 7{
- 8
- 9 class Client
- 10 {
- 11 static void Main()
- 12 {
- 13 //Step 1: Create an endpoint address and an instance of the WCF Client.
- 14 EndpointAddress epAddress = new EndpointAddress("http://localhost:8000/ServiceModelSamples/Service/CalculatorService");
- 15 CalculatorClient client = new CalculatorClient(new WSHttpBinding(), epAddress);
- 16
- 17
- 18 // Step 2: Call the service operations.
- 19 // Call the Add service operation.
- 20 double value1 = 100.00D;
- 21 double value2 = 15.99D;
- 22 double result = client.Add(value1, value2);
- 23 Console.WriteLine("Add({0},{1}) = {2}", value1, value2, result);
- 24
- 25 // Call the Subtract service operation.
- 26 value1 = 145.00D;
- 27 value2 = 76.54D;
- 28 result = client.Subtract(value1, value2);
- 29 Console.WriteLine("Subtract({0},{1}) = {2}", value1, value2, result);
- 30
- 31 // Call the Multiply service operation.
- 32 value1 = 9.00D;
- 33 value2 = 81.25D;
- 34 result = client.Multiply(value1, value2);
- 35 Console.WriteLine("Multiply({0},{1}) = {2}", value1, value2, result);
- 36
- 37 // Call the Divide service operation.
- 38 value1 = 22.00D;
- 39 value2 = 7.00D;
- 40 result = client.Divide(value1, value2);
- 41 Console.WriteLine("Divide({0},{1}) = {2}", value1, value2, result);
- 42
- 43 //Step 3: Closing the client gracefully closes the connection and cleans up resources.
- 44 client.Close();
- 45
- 46 Console.WriteLine();
- 47 Console.WriteLine("Press <ENTER> to terminate client.");
- 48 Console.ReadLine();
- 49
- 50
- 51 }
- 52 }
- 53}
- 54
这时候可以用微软提供的命令行工具访问这个服务，生成服务代理 app.config 和 generatedProxy.cs两个文件。
svcutil.exe /language:cs /out:generatedProxy.cs /config:app.config http://localhost:8000/ServiceModelSamples/service
把这两个文件添加到客户端项目里去。
现在就可以编辑客户端代码了。
客户端Program.cs代码- 1using System;
- 2using System.ServiceModel;
- 3using System.ServiceModel.Description;
- 4
- 5namespace Microsoft.ServiceModel.Samples
- 6{
- 7 // Define a service contract.
- 8 [ServiceContract(Namespace = "http://Microsoft.ServiceModel.Samples")]
- 9 public interface ICalculator
- 10 {
- 11 [OperationContract]
- 12 double Add(double n1, double n2);
- 13 [OperationContract]
- 14 double Subtract(double n1, double n2);
- 15 [OperationContract]
- 16 double Multiply(double n1, double n2);
- 17 [OperationContract]
- 18 double Divide(double n1, double n2);
- 19 }
- 20
- 21 // Service class that implements the service contract.
- 22 // Added code to write output to the console window.
- 23 public class CalculatorService : ICalculator
- 24 {
- 25 public double Add(double n1, double n2)
- 26 {
- 27 double result = n1 + n2;
- 28 Console.WriteLine("Received Add({0},{1})", n1, n2);
- 29 Console.WriteLine("Return: {0}", result);
- 30 return result;
- 31 }
- 32
- 33 public double Subtract(double n1, double n2)
- 34 {
- 35 double result = n1 - n2;
- 36 Console.WriteLine("Received Subtract({0},{1})", n1, n2);
- 37 Console.WriteLine("Return: {0}", result);
- 38 return result;
- 39 }
- 40
- 41 public double Multiply(double n1, double n2)
- 42 {
- 43 double result = n1 * n2;
- 44 Console.WriteLine("Received Multiply({0},{1})", n1, n2);
- 45 Console.WriteLine("Return: {0}", result);
- 46 return result;
- 47 }
- 48
- 49 public double Divide(double n1, double n2)
- 50 {
- 51 double result = n1 / n2;
- 52 Console.WriteLine("Received Divide({0},{1})", n1, n2);
- 53 Console.WriteLine("Return: {0}", result);
- 54 return result;
- 55 }
- 56 }
- 57
- 58
- 59 class Program
- 60 {
- 61 static void Main(string[] args)
- 62 {
- 63
- 64 // Step 1 of the address configuration procedure: Create a URI to serve as the base address.
- 65 Uri baseAddress = new Uri("http://localhost:8000/ServiceModelSamples/Service");
- 66
- 67 // Step 1 of the hosting procedure: Create ServiceHost
- 68 ServiceHost selfHost = new ServiceHost(typeof(CalculatorService), baseAddress);
- 69 try
- 70 {
- 71
- 72
- 73 // Step 3 of the hosting procedure: Add a service endpoint.
- 74 selfHost.AddServiceEndpoint(
- 75 typeof(ICalculator),
- 76 new WSHttpBinding(),
- 77 "CalculatorService");
- 78
- 79
- 80 // Step 4 of the hosting procedure: Enable metadata exchange.
- 81 ServiceMetadataBehavior smb = new ServiceMetadataBehavior();
- 82 smb.HttpGetEnabled = true;
- 83 selfHost.Description.Behaviors.Add(smb);
- 84
- 85 // Step 5 of the hosting procedure: Start (and then stop) the service.
- 86 selfHost.Open();
- 87 Console.WriteLine("The service is ready.");
- 88 Console.WriteLine("Press <ENTER> to terminate service.");
- 89 Console.WriteLine();
- 90 Console.ReadLine();
- 91
- 92 // Close the ServiceHostBase to shutdown the service.
- 93 selfHost.Close();
- 94 }
- 95 catch (CommunicationException ce)
- 96 {
- 97 Console.WriteLine("An exception occurred: {0}", ce.Message);
- 98 selfHost.Abort();
- 99 }
- 100 }
- 101 }
- 102}
- 103
最后编译程序，试运行。（两个都是命令行程序，直接到那个编译好的目录里去找那个exe文件运行，先运行服务，再运行客户端）。 |
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发表于 11-7-2008 18:53:06
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发表于 14-7-2008 13:22:12
