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本帖最后由 大力Summer 于 18-11-2018 00:50 编辑
因为这本书写的内容很直白很简单，所以笔记也看起来非常简略。这本书只要记得一些关键的点就很好了。先做做这13道题，告诉我答案，看看对了几道，再看是否适合你继续阅读。总体，此书适合快速阅读。
About the Author
Hans Rosling was a medical doctor, professor of international health and renowned public educator. He was an adviser to the World Health Organization and UNICEF, and co-founded Médecins sans Frontières in Sweden and the Gapminder Foundation. His TED talks have been viewed more than 35 million times, and he was listed as one of Time Magazine’s 100 most influential people in the world. Hans died in 2017, having devoted the last years of his life to writing Factfulness.
Summary
"This book is about the world and how to understand it." Test your self with 13 questions:
1. In all low-income countries across the world today, how many girls finish primary school?
2. Where does the majority of the world population live?
- B. Middle income countries
3. In the last 20 years the proportion of the world population living in extreme poverty has?
- B. remained more or less the same
4. What is the life expectancy of the world today?
5. There are 2 billion children in the world today aged 0-15 years old, how many children will there be in year 2100 according to the United Nations?
6. The UN predicts that by 2100 the world population will have increased by another 4 billion people, what is the main reason?
- A. There will be more children aged below 15
- B. There will be more adults aged 15-74
- C. There will be more very old people aged 75 and older
7. How did the number of deaths per year from natural disasters change over the last 100 years?
- B. Remained about the same
- C. Decreased to less than half
8. There are roughly 7 billion people in the world today, which options more accurately represents where they live?
- A. 1 billion in Europe, 4 billion in Asia, 1 billion in Africa and 1 billion in America.
- B. 1 billion in Europe, 3 billion in Asia, 2 billion in Africa and 1 billion in America
- C. 1 billion in Europe, 3 billion in Asia, 1 billion in Africa and 2 billion in America?
9. How many of the world's 1 year old children today have been vaccinated against some diseases?
10. Worldwide, 30 year old men have spent 10 years in school on average, how many years have women of the same age spent in school?
11. In 1996 tigers, giant pandas and black rhinos were all listed as endangered, how many of these three species are critically endangered today?
12. How many people in the world have some access to electricity?
13. Global climate experts believe that over the next 100 years the average temperature will on average?
Ten reasons we're wrong about the world - 10 instincts
The world is actually getting better
Step-by-step, year-by-year, the world is improving. Not on every single measure every single year, but as a rule. Though the world faces huge challenges, we have made tremendous progress. This is the fact-based worldview.
What do you need to hunt, capture, and replace misconceptions? Data. You have to show the data and describe the reality behind it.
The image of a dangerous world has never been broadcast more effectively than it is now, while the world has never been less violent and more safe.
We cannot rely on Wiki because even the Wikipedia unintentionally presented a very distorted worldview. It was distorted in a systematic way according to a Western mind-set. 78 percent of the 2015 terrorism deaths were missing from Wikipedia. While almost all the deaths in the West were recorded, only 25 percent of those in "the rest" were there.
4 levels of the world
- Level 1 – LEVEL 1. You start on Level 1 with $1 per day.
- Level 2 – LEVEL 2. You’ve made it. In fact, you’ve quadrupled your income and now you earn $4 a day.
- Level 3 — LEVEL 3. Wow! You did it! You work multiple jobs, 16 hours a day, seven days a week, and manage to quadruple your income again, to $16 a day.
- Level 4 — LEVEL 4. You have more than $64 a day.
Those who are reading the book are on Level 4.
Most countries are middle-income countries.
Takeaways
In the deepest poverty you should never do anything perfectly. If you do you are stealing resources from where they can be better used. （作者在这里着重讨论了，资源合理分配与资源集中使用的问题。举例比较极端，是将资源救治一个重病孩子还是牺牲他救活更多普通疾病的孩子。）
In the future, there will be more people from Level 2&3 going to Level 4 and there will be more requirements in the market.
Nobody can predict the future with 100 percent certainty. I'm not convinced it will happen. But I am a possibilist and these facts convince me: it is possible.
Red List : to see the endanged species.
Most important of all, we should be teaching our children humility and curiosity.
Being humble, here, means being aware of how difficult your instincts can make it to get the facts right. It means being realistic about the extent of your knowledge. It means being happy to say “I don’t know.”. It also means, when you do have an opinion, being prepared to change it when you discover new facts.
Beware of vivid examples. Vivid images are easier to recall but they might be the exception rather than the rule.
The most important thing you can do to avoid misjudging something’s importance is to avoid lonely numbers. Never, ever leave a number all by itself. Never believe that one number on its own can be meaningful. If you are offered one number, always ask for at least one more. Something to compare it with. Be especially careful about big numbers.
The fear instinct is a terrible guide for understanding the world. It makes us give our attention to the unlikely dangers that we are most afraid of, and neglect what is actually most risky.
Beware of fortune tellers. Any prediction about the future is uncertain. Be wary of predictions that fail to acknowledge that. Insist on a full range of scenarios, never just the best or worst case. Ask how often such predictions have been right before.
Human beings have a strong dramatic instinct toward binary thinking, a basic urge to divide things into two distinct groups, with nothing but an empty gap in between. We love to dichotomize. Good versus bad. Heroes versus Villains. My country versus the rest. | 
发表于 18-11-2018 00:34:20
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发表于 18-11-2018 16:35:56
. 
发表于 18-11-2018 17:03:15
楼主
这种学习方式不错，一边吃喝一边就学了
it's powerful and convincing. 
