札记 - 莎士比亚剧作略览

yearshappy · 发表于 18-7-2012 21:30:23

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本帖最后由 yearshappy 于 7-9-2014 09:45 编辑

由The Tudors http://www.freeoz.org/ibbs/thread-1006293-1-1.html
扩展到莎士比亚 Shakespeare
这段时间就集中看先看这两本

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一个较全面的莎士比亚作品网站，由纽约城google公司一个软件工程师建立，但只是莎士比亚时期的英文。
http://shakespeare.mit.edu/

各地图书馆可以找到 No Fear Shakespeare (莎士比亚原文与现代英语一一对应)
也可网上阅读

No Fear Shakespeare http://nfs.sparknotes.com/

******************************************************

莎士比亚作品（流行的中国内中文翻译名字对应，不保证精确）
（一生中37部剧作，154首诗）

喜剧
As You Like It - 皆大欢喜
The comedy of Errors - 连环错
Love's Labours lost - 爱的徒劳
The Merry Wives of Windsor - 温莎的风流娘儿们
A Midsummer Night's Dream - 仲夏夜之梦
Much Ado About Nothing - 无事生非
Taming of the Shrew - 驯悍记
Troilus and Cressida - 特洛伊勒斯与克芮丝德
Twelfth Night - 主显节前夕
Two Gentlemen of Verona - 维洛那两绅士

Shakespeare's late romances
Pericles, Prince of Tyre - 泰尔亲王配力克里斯
Cymbeline - 辛白林
The Tempest - 暴风雨
Winter's Tale - 冬天的故事

'Problem Plays'
All's Well That Ends Well - 终成眷属
The Merchant of Venice - 威尼斯商人
Measure for Measure - 一报还一报

悲剧
Antony and Cleopatra
Coriolanus
Hamlet
Julius Caesar
King Lear
Macbeth
Othello
Romeo and Juliet
Timon of Athens
Titus Andronicus

历史剧
Henry IV, part 1 - 《亨利四世》第一卷
Henry IV, part 2 - 《亨利四世》第二卷
Henry V - 亨利五世
Henry VI, part 1 - 《亨利六世》第一卷
Henry VI, part 2 - 《亨利六世》第二卷
Henry VI, part 3 - 《亨利六世》第三卷
Henry VIII - 亨利八世
King John - 约翰王
Richard II - 理查德二世
Richard III - 理查德三世

诗
The Sonnets 十四行诗
A Lover's Complaint 爱人的怨诉
The Rape of Lucrece 鲁克丽丝受辱记
Venus and Adonis 维纳斯和阿多尼斯
Funeral Elegy 挽歌

*********************************

A list of his plays in order of length from longest to shortest
Shakespeare is usually spoken at the rate of 1000 lines per hour.

Hamlet (Name of play)	4024 (number of Lines)
Coriolanus	3824
Cymbeline	3753
Richard III	3718
Antony and Cleopatra	3573
Othello	3560
King Lear	3499
Troilus and Cressida	3486
Winter's Tale	3362
Henry IV, Part II	3255
Henry VIII	3239
Henry V	3227
Two Noble Kinsmen	3220
Henry VI, Part II	3125
Romeo and Juliet	3093
Henry IV, Part I	3041
Henry VI, Part III	2932
All's Well That Ends Well	2927
Measure for Measure	2839
Richard II	2803
Love's Labour's Lost	2758
Henry VI, Part I	2702
As You Like It	2670
Merchant of Venice	2662
King John	2648
Taming of the Shrew	2641
Julius Caesar	2636
Merry Wives of Windsor	2612
Edward III	2605
Much Ado About Nothing	2581
Titus Andronicus	2558
Timon of Athens	2512
Twelfth Night	2482
Macbeth	2477
Pericles	2464
Tempest	2275
Two Gentlemen of Verona	2233
Midsummer Night's Dream	2165
Comedy of Errors	1786

yearshappy · 发表于 18-7-2012 21:51:13

本帖最后由 yearshappy 于 20-7-2014 13:23 编辑

Romeo and Juliet

http://nfs.sparknotes.com/romeojuliet/page_4.html (莎士原文和现代英语一一对应)

此剧正如中国的 ‘红楼梦’，不同的年龄看到的是不同的故事

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yearshappy · 发表于 18-7-2012 22:17:56

Characters

Romeo - at age of 17
Montague - father
Lady Montague - mother
Benvolio - cousin
Mercutio - close friend
Abrajam and Balthasar - servants

Juliet - age of 13
Capulet - father
Lady Capulet - mother
Nurse - nurse
Tybalt - cousin
Paris - intend to marry with Juliet
Sampson, Gregory, Peter - servants

Prince - kinsman with Mercutio and Paris

Friar Lawrence / Friar John

The Apothecary

The Chorus - narrator

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wkmqla · 发表于 18-7-2012 23:21:58

先MARK

wkmqla · 发表于 18-7-2012 23:23:01

很精彩~~~

wkmqla · 发表于 18-7-2012 23:23:51

yearshappy · 发表于 19-7-2012 00:19:21

本帖最后由 yearshappy 于 19-7-2014 22:31 编辑

Act Summaries

Act One
Scene 1
Montague and Capulet, servants from the two families, are fighting at the street. Prince breaks them up.
Romeo, the only son of the Montague, is in love with a girl who vowed to be a virgin. Romeo is sad and depressed because of it.
Scene 2
Peter could not read and seeks help from Romeo.
Benvolio encourages Romeo to go to the ball to forget about his unrequited love.
Scene 3
The mother of Juliet asks her daughter to try to like Paris, a handsome man, telling Juliet that she herself married at very young age.
Scene 4
Benvolio, Romeo and Mercutio are talking about the party and dreams.
Romeo gets a bad feeling that going to the party may end with his death.
Scene 5
Capulet tells Tybalt to calm down when they finds out that Romeo is in their ball, saying that Romeo has a reputation as a well-behaved young man in the town.
Romeo meets Juliet and falls in love with her at first sight. He thinks his eyes lied to him before. Juliet is the true beauty.

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yearshappy · 发表于 21-7-2012 23:32:10

本帖最后由 yearshappy 于 19-7-2014 08:27 编辑

Act Two

Prologue
Romeo is in love again - both of them falling for each others' good looks. The girl is supposed to be his enemy and has been hooked by someone she should fear.

Scene 1
Benvolio and Mercutio are looking for Romeo.

Scene 2
Romeo and Juliet swear to be lovers and will marry tomorrow morning.
Quotes:
'Oh, Romeo, Romeo, why do you have to be Romeo? ' saying Juliet at the balcony.
Just call me your love, and I will take a new name - Romeo
In truth, handsome Montague, I like you too much - Juliet
I would be satisfied if we made each other true promises of love - Romeo
.. you can pass on a message telling me where and when we'll be married...- Juliet

Scene 3
Though Friar Lawrence is shocked to know that Romeo gives up so quickly on Rosaline, he is going to help Romeo marry Juliet. He thinks this marriage may be lucky enough to turn the hatred between the two families into pure love.
Quotes
Friar Lawrence - There are two opposite elements in everything, in men as well as in herbs - good and evil.
Friar Lawrence - You can't expect women to be faithful when men are so unreliable.
Friar Lawrence - you were acting like you were in love wihtout knowing what love means.
Friar Lawrence - Go wisely and slowly. Those who rush stumble and fall.

Scene 4
Mercutio is talking to Romeo and Benvolio. His language is full of offensive sexcual innuendo.
Nurse comes to look for Romeo. Romeo tells the Nurse the plan, Juliet goes to Friar Lawrence's cell and makes confession and be married. Within an hour, a rope ladder will help Romeo to climb over the walls at night to meet Juliet in secret.

Scene 5
Nurse tells Juliet to hurry up and rush over to Friar Lawrence's cell.

Scene 6
Romeo and Juliet both are secretly united in marriage at Friar Lawrence's cell.
Quotes
Lawrence - These sudden joys have sudden endings.
Lawrence - too much honey is delicious, but it makes you sick to your stomach.
Lawrence - Love each other in moderation. This is the key to long-lasting love. Too fast is as bad as too slow.

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yearshappy · 发表于 22-7-2012 00:40:53

Act Three

Scene 1
Benvolio does not want to go outside so as to aviod getting into a fight with the Capulets.
Mercutio doesen't care and seems in a mood ready to fight.
Tybalt challenges Romeo but with no return. Mercutio draws his sword saying 'Tybalt, you rat-catcher, will you fight me?'
Romeo tells Benvolio to beat down the two fighers' weapons.
Tybalt stabs Mercutio and Mercutio dies. Romeo kills Tybalt.
Price announces that Romeo is exiled from Verona.

Scene 2
Juliet, Romeo's wife of three hours, gets the news that his cousin was killed by Romeo.

Scene 3
Romeo feels tortured by sending away from Juliet. Friar Lawrence tries to comfort him with philosophy.
Nurse tells Friar Lawrence and Romeo that Juliet is so painfull that weeps and weeps and falls down.
Lawrence gives a long talk to Romeo not to kill himself. Romeo gets the ring from Juliet.

Scene 4
Sir Capulet makes a decision that Paris will marry Juliet On Thursday.

Scene 5
Juliet and Romeo kiss then Romeo drops the ladder and goes down.
Lady Capulet tells her daughter to marry Paris and plans to kill Romeo.
Juliet refuses to marry Paris. The parents gets rage.
Capulet calls his own daughter, you little bug! You worthless girl! You pale face!You disobedient wretch!
Juliet thinks about to take her own life if Lawrence has no solution to it.
Quotes
Capulet - 'my top priority has always been to find Juliet a husband. Now Paris is from a noble family, has good-looking, young, well-educated, full of of good qualities....you can beg, starve, and die in the streets. I swear on my soul, I will never take you back or do anything for you.'

[ 本帖最后由 yearshappy 于 26-7-2012 23:21 编辑 ]

yearshappy · 发表于 26-7-2012 19:50:20

Act 4
Scene 1
Paris acts as a husband of Juliet when he meets her. Friar Lawrence gives Juliet a vial and tells her of drinking sleeping potion.
Scene 2
Capulet is working on the wedding preparation for the next day.
Scene 3
Juliet thinks about the concequeces of drinking from the vial. Then she makes the decision to drink it and falls on her bed.
Scene 4
Capulet has been working on the wedding for all night long. Paris is coming with music. The nurse is being told to wake up Juliet and get her dressed.
Scene 5
Nurse says Juliet is dead. The parents are in great pain. The wedding is now going to be a funeral.

[ 本帖最后由 yearshappy 于 26-7-2012 20:25 编辑 ]

yearshappy · 发表于 26-7-2012 20:06:23

Act 5
1, Balthasar, Romeo's servant, brings the death news to Romeo. Romeo buys potion from the apothecary in Mantua.
2, The letter of Friar Lawrence is not sent to Romeo.
3, Paris is placing flowers on Juliet's tomb while Romeo is coming to the graveyard. They both fight and Paris dies. Romeo drinks the potion and dies. Juliet wakes up from the tomb, seeing Romeo is dead and stabs herself with Romeo's dagger and dies. Romeo's mother died for the pain of losing son. The two families are settled in peace.

yearshappy · 发表于 26-7-2012 21:07:20

本帖最后由 yearshappy 于 19-7-2014 08:30 编辑

最聪明懂世故的人是 Lawrence
莎士比亚通过他的口，说出了很多至今仍是充满哲理的句子
他想通过两个孩子的婚姻来评定两家的仇恨，可是百密一疏，这封致命的信没有到达 Romeo 手里。

Romeo 和 Juliet，17岁和13岁，
两个名望家庭的独生子女
一个先是爱 Rosaline 死去活来的，（一出场，就是一个问题少年），在见到 Juliet 之后，立刻忘记旧爱的少年郎，
一个是见到 Romeo 一两小时就发誓相爱并求结婚的花季少女
两个大谈处女贞操和相貌的热血 teens
Love？是 Lust （欲望）？是少年荷尔蒙作用？
（可作为很好的论文题材）

6人死亡
Mercutio - 被 Tybalt 所杀，算是为两家积仇怨恨而亡
Tybalt - 被 Romeo 刺死，算是 Romeo行‘道义’，一命偿一命
Romeo - 喝毒倒下，为爱Juliet弃生
Juliet - 自刺而死，为爱Romeo
Romeo的妈妈，病郁而亡，为丧失了唯一的孩子
Paris - 在于Romeo战中而亡，那个年代的标准好人

两家族关系
戏中没有直接两家主人的冲突和仇恨言语，街斗都是发生在为两家服务人员和下一代年轻人之间

yearshappy · 发表于 26-7-2012 22:41:59

电影版本列举

1968 版本，Romeo and Juliet, 导演 Franco Zeffirelli
情节最与原著接近

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yearshappy · 发表于 26-7-2012 23:45:43

Othello

Act One Scene 1-3
Act Two Scene 1-3
Act Three Scene 1-4
Act Four Scene 1-3
Act Five Scene 1,2

Characters

Othello - protagonist and hero, a respected general of the millitery of Venice, committed suicide
Desdemona - wife of Othello, daughter of the Venetian senator Brabantio, murdered by Othello

Iago - villain of the play, 28 years old, positioned as Othello's ensigh
Emillia - wife of Iago, Destemona's attendant, killed by Iago

Cassio - young, highly educated, newly promoted lieutenant of Othello
Bianca - prostitute in Cyprus,, her favorite customer is Cassio

Roderigo - young, rich, foolish, killed by Iago

Duke of Venice - the official authority in Venice
Montano - the governor of Cyprus before Othello

[ 本帖最后由 yearshappy 于 26-7-2012 22:51 编辑 ]

yearshappy · 发表于 27-7-2012 00:11:50

本帖最后由 yearshappy 于 19-7-2014 22:32 编辑

Summaries

Act One

Scene 1
Roderigo has been paying Iago to get Desdemona for him.
Iago reveals that he shows the false loyalty and affection towards Othello so as to get what he wants. He wants to be Othello's lieutenant replacing Cassio who has no hand-on knowledge of warfare. He believes there are two types of servants. The ones who are really looking out for themselves will get rich and be their own masters. He is not who he appears to be.
They both irritate Desdemona's father and try to spread rumors about Othello.

racist quots
Roderigo - thick-lips , odd-even dull watch
Iago - old black ram, Barbary(北非伊斯兰教区) horse

yearshappy · 发表于 27-7-2012 21:02:20

本帖最后由 yearshappy 于 30-7-2014 10:12 编辑

Act One

2, Duke sends Cassio to look for Othello for the warfare of Cyprus. Brabantio finds Othello and accuses him of stealing his daughter.

Racist quot from Brabantio
sooty bosom of such a thing as thou - to fear, not to delight

3, The Turkish fleet is approaching Cyprus. Duke is going to send Othello to fight the Turks. Othello tells the people how he wooed Destemona. He leaves his wife to the 'trustworthy' Iago.
Iago asks Roderigo to sell all his assets and land - getting money from fools. He gets a new plan.

Racist quot from Brabantio
She, fall in love with what she feared to look on

Serin · 发表于 28-7-2012 00:38:58

我在人人影视随便逛时看到这部片子，年乐你看过没？
空王冠,The Hollow Crown,第1季连载中,英国,,资源下载,中文字幕下载,连载,YYeTs 人人影视

yearshappy · 发表于 28-7-2012 21:24:19

本帖最后由 yearshappy 于 30-7-2014 10:12 编辑

原帖由 Serin 于 27-7-2012 23:38 发表

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我在人人影视随便逛时看到这部片子，年乐你看过没？
空王冠,The Hollow Crown,第1季连载中,英国,,资源下载,中文字幕下载,连载,YYeTs 人人影视

真好的网页，谢谢Serin分享
我还没看其历史剧呢，看过学者们的正史，再看莎士的创作应该非常有趣，得空一定看看

近日抽空看其悲剧，感叹莎士比亚怎么那么看透世事人情

原想多读中国古文的璀璨精华，现在看来，莎士比亚作品可有等同作用

澳人建筑 · 发表于 5-8-2012 10:48:13

今天的早饭太丰富啦。

慢慢地一点一点来消化.

yearshappy · 发表于 5-8-2012 20:50:00

本帖最后由 yearshappy 于 19-7-2014 22:33 编辑

在图书馆巧遇这本书，
就止不住想先读这个

感觉很有帮助，也和自己的一些心得对上号了
享受呢

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1) History plays

The English history plays, 'Richard II', 'Henry IV Part One'
The Roman history plays, 'Julius Caesar', 'Antony and Cleopatra', 'Coriolanus'

The pattern of all plays is that some actions take place at the outset that triggers off a problem, and that the greater part of the play is then devoted to presenting the ensuing conflict.

The basic idea is that there is a huge gap between how things should be in England and the more complex reality of how they actually are. Day-to-day life is complex because society is made up of individuals who are not content to be mere robots obetiently serving the state. The simple fact is that life will never be stable and peaceful as men cannot suppress their individuality.

Characters are obviously absolutely central in a play. Themes are issues which are being dealt with in a play. The speeches (language) in Shakespeare play are so rich and full of meaning.

2) Tragedy plays

'Hamlet', 'King Lear', 'Othello', 'Macbeth'

The pattern of all tragedy plays is that some action takes place or a character does something that throws life into turmoil. To express this in the simplest terms, social order prevails at the beginning of the play, but very quickly we see society in a state of disorder. The effect of this is that a play makes us think about the complex nature of man and the world we live in; we see the gap between our ideal notions of a peaceful, stable society and the reality of a world where people are unruly.

Comedy laughs at man's unruly instincts and passions. In tragedy, by contrast, the dramatist gives full and serious consideration to the disruptive effcts of man's behaviour.

3) Comedy plays

The romantic comedies, 'Twelfth Night', 'Much Ado About Nothing'
The problem(dark) comedies, 'Troilus and Cressida', 'All's Well That ends Well', 'Measure for Measure'

Shakespeare has a tremendous ability to create comic characters and amusing situations.

The structure of comedy plays starts with an exposition stage, where things begin to go wrong or get out of hand. This is followed by the complication stage, when disorder prevails and life is turned upside down. At the end of a comedy, however, in the resolution stage, the problems are solved ending with marrige or a dance. Disorder has been overcome and the ending symbolises a new harmony.

yearshappy · 发表于 16-12-2012 17:40:13

本帖最后由 yearshappy 于 30-7-2014 10:16 编辑

原帖由 yearshappy 于 27-7-2012 21:02 发表

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Act One

2, Duke sends Cassio to look for Othello for the warfar of Cyprus. Brabantio finds Othello and accuses him of stealing his daughter.

Racist quot from Brabantio
sooty bosom of such a th ...

Act Two
Scene 1
Cassio's fine minner of greeting women triggers off Iago's revenge plan.
Before Othello arrives in Cyprus, Iago gives a critical speech about women, showing that he is very sexist. He does not have any respect towards females.
The war's over as Turks are drowned in the mountainous waves.
From Iago's point of view, Cassio is good looking/ polite/smooth and Othello is hot tempered.

Scene 2,3
To celebrate the victory and Othello's marriage, there'll be a feast in Cyprus. Cassio is told to keep a careful eye on the guards and not let the party get too wild. Iago got Cassio drunk and got him into a fight. Cassio therefore lost his position.

（I can't see ..., either in the bay or on the occean
the water's rough / mountainous waves / stormy sea
deep-rooted problem
self-restraint / restrain yourself / self-control / lose their minds
pathetic = useless, unsuccessful, badly done that they annoy you
street brawler ）

yearshappy · 发表于 17-12-2012 11:59:32

本帖最后由 yearshappy 于 30-7-2014 10:18 编辑

Act Three

Scene 1,2, 3, 4
Iago sets all the scenes to make Othello suspects his wife and Cassio. Othello questions his marriage for the first time in Scene 3. He self doubts his skin colour, manners and old age. (P151)
The handkerchief, symbol of love between the couple, falls to the floor.
Othello admits that he gets lost, saying his career is over in Scene 3. By the end of this scene he has made the decision to kill 'that beautiful devil'.
Iago is now the lieutenant of Othello.
Othello desperately asks Desdermona for the handkerchief.
Cassio finds the handkerchief in his room and then happens to ask Bianca to copy the embroidery pattern on it for him.

(We achieve things with our intelligence, not by magic
Intelligent planning takes time
in my judgment
Iago knows a lot about human behaviour
Aren't you a rational human being? Don't you have any sense at all? )

yearshappy · 发表于 18-12-2012 12:21:26

本帖最后由 yearshappy 于 30-7-2014 10:16 编辑

Act Four

Scene 1
Iago manipulates the 'affair' between Cassio and Desdemona in details. This makes Othello trembling and then he falls into a trance. Not soon after, Othello misunderstands Cassio's smiles, gestures, and jokes about the prostitute Bianca. This is all under the control of Iago.

Scene 2
Othello doesn't get the 'truth' from Emilia who gives a very positive comment on the honest and faithful lady, Desdemona. The true and loyal wife is stunned while her husband's accusing her of a whore.
Roderigo finds out Iago's tricks, telling him that he couldn't take it any longer.

Scene 3
Desdemona says to Emilia in her bedroom that she loves Othello even when he's harsh and mean. She couldn't get the song of death out of her head. Singing the death song she falls asleep.

yearshappy · 发表于 18-12-2012 12:37:58

本帖最后由 yearshappy 于 30-7-2014 10:19 编辑

Act Five

Scene 1
Iago tells Roderogo to be bold and get ready to kill Cassio. Iago stabs Cassio in the leg during the night fight and kills Roderogo afterwards. Othello is encouraged by 'brave Iago' saying that he will kill the whore wife.
Emilia swears to Bianca 'Oh, fie upon thee, strumpet(Go to hell, you whore)!'
'I am no strumpet, but of life as honest as you that thus abuse me (I'm no whore. I'm as moral as you are)' Bianca responds.

Scene 2
Desdemona is waking up while Othello enters the bedroom with a candle. Othello accuses her of giving the handkerchief to Cassio and having sex with him. Desdemona is begging that let her say one prayer. She doesn't achieve this and Othello smothers her. Then he closes the bed curtains, going to unlock the door for Emilia.
While they are talking, Emillia hears the crying from the bed. Desdemona answers to Emilia that she killed herself to protect her husband from murdering. Desdemona dies.
Othello confesses that he killed his wife to Emilia.
Emillia realises that her husband, Iago, has a malicious soul rotted in hell. She's killed by her husband.
Othello stabs himself and dies when he knows the truth.
Iago is sent to prison.

4 deaths in OTHELLO because of weakness of human beings

yearshappy · 发表于 18-12-2012 14:19:30

本帖最后由 yearshappy 于 24-10-2014 22:50 编辑

这两大悲剧作品看下来，最喜欢奥赛罗

罗密欧与朱丽叶
两大家族仆人们不断的街斗；两个少年懵懂的性意识冲动发展到最后的极端悲剧
。
。
。
奥赛罗这个剧包含的内容太多了
最精彩的角色塑造就是 Iago ，此角色集中了人的复杂性以及人性中的弱点。此类人，通透人性，极尽拨弄是非之能事，最终达到自己的目的。
Roderigo，富有的，简单无知的乡村年轻人
几位背景完全不同的女性，各自具有典型的性格特色：那个年代的乖乖女好妻子，具有独立意识的宁死也求真相，为爱而做梦的妓女。。。

北非黑人由于其非凡的战绩做了统帅 General
提拔了Cassio做他的手下第二位 Lieutenant
从而引起了第三位置的 Ensigh ，也就是Iago的嫉妒，之后是一系列人性弱点的大暴露。。。。。。。。。

所有的人物，仍然活灵活现今天这个时代。

yearshappy · 发表于 18-12-2012 14:30:07

本帖最后由 yearshappy 于 19-7-2014 08:37 编辑

被认为最早出版的剧本封面

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yearshappy · 发表于 18-12-2012 15:21:04

影视列举

1981年版本
奥赛罗最后一戏
莎士比亚语言，Act Five Scene 2 Line 354

[ 本帖最后由 yearshappy 于 18-12-2012 15:32 编辑 ]

yearshappy · 发表于 18-12-2012 15:27:40

本帖最后由 yearshappy 于 19-7-2014 08:43 编辑

1995 版本，真正黑人扮演的奥赛罗
最后一幕戏视频

Act 5 Scene 2
Line 261 Emilia 哼唱着那首死亡的歌曲，死在Desdemona床边
Line 354 Othello 最后的一剧，戏词同上
莎士比亚语言

以上剧中人物都是说莎士比亚时期的语言，这对英语不是母语的人群来说是个障碍，
所以事先熟读剧本，就会获得一些享受。
也许很多英语世界的人们对莎士比亚语言的迷恋和推崇，使得严肃些的文学作品依然没有更其为现代英语。

yearshappy · 发表于 19-7-2014 09:44:35

上次论坛改版后，帖子里的图片全部变大了。不再一一改小。

yearshappy · 发表于 19-7-2014 10:37:30

本帖最后由 yearshappy 于 7-9-2014 10:13 编辑

Macbeth 麦克白斯

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